ABC Diving® Ltd

International Cy Registration #36564
Port-Vila, P.O. Box 3242
VANUATU South Pacific

Should you require any further assistance or information, please do not hesitate to contact us
We can install these anchoring systems through North and South Pacific,
or provide you* with the necessary equipment for the installation.

* Sorry, but we only supply commercial, government or social entity with this equipment (not any individual).

Ch. 9 Manta Ray & Stingray Soil Anchors

On this page (from Table of contents) :

Mechanical Soil Anchors

Introduction

Manta Ray and Stingray earth anchors are driven tipping plate soil anchors dependant on soil strength for reaction of tensile loads.
Manta Ray anchors have working loads up to 20 kips, and Stingray anchors have working loads up to 50 kips.
After driving the anchor to the required depth, the driving tool (called drive steel) is removed. The anchor is then tipped and proof tested with an Anchor Locking Kit from its edgewise-driving position to present its bearing area to the soil. This is called "load locking" and provides an immediate proof test of each anchor.

MR-SR
MR-1
MR-2
MR-3
MR-4
MR-88
Manta Ray and Stingray anchors offer many significant advantages:

• Fast, easy installation
• Immediate proof test results
• No grout
• Inexpensive installation equipment
• Environmentally friendly
• No drilling required
• Superior Holding Capacity
• Anchors for a wide range of soils & applications

There are eight (8) Manta Ray Anchors and three (3) Stingray Anchors with light to heavy duty holding capacities.
Shown above are six different Manta Ray anchor heads. All anchors are made of galvanized ductile iron, can be driven with the drive steel set (except the MR-88 & M-68) and can be tested to the desired holding capacity with the load locker.

The anchors are designed to utilize solid steel rods as load carrying members. Bars and accessories for Manta Ray and Sting Ray anchors can be found on the following pages (click on link).

The simple, effective and low cost Manta Ray and Stingray anchor system represents a major breakthrough in “anchoring technology” with a multitude of uses in the utility, civil engineering and construction markets for :
• Utility Poles
• Retaining Walls
• Sheet Piles
• Seawalls
• Pipelines
• Erosion Control
• Underwater Applications
• Blockwalls
• Scaffolding

ABC Diving® Corp

Manta Ray Installation

1. Thread anchor rod into Manta Ray.
2. Insert drive steel into anchor
3. Position anchor at proper location and angle.
4. Drive anchor to proper depth.
5. Remove drive steel.
6. Use load locker to proof load anchor into locked position.

Installation Equipment

Drive Steel :
Drive steel and accessories are available for all Manta Ray and Stingray anchors in basic lengths of 3 feet, 6 feet, and 8 feet. Multiple sections are coupled together with specialized couplers to achieve the required depth of installation. Manta Ray and Stingray drive steel are not interchangeable.

Load Locking Kits :
For Manta Ray, the LL-1 is a 10-ton fast acting jack with an 8 inch stroke. The direct reading gauge and rod gripping jaws make load locking easy and quick. The base and jack are selfaligning
to the actual installed angle of the anchor. It requires an open center hydraulic flow of 2 to 8 gallons per minute and a maximum pressure of 2,000 psi. A power supply is not included with this load-locking kit, it must be provided separately. Models GPU18-8 or GPU-2 are suitable. For Stingray, the SR-LLK is a 60-ton double acting jack with a 10 inch stroke, which includes a hydraulic power supply. It is available in two models, one for tower guy anchors and one for retaining wall tieback anchors.

Installation Methods

Vehicle Mounted Breakers or Compactors :
Boom mounted demolitions or compactions are very effective for driving Manta Ray and Stingray anchors.
This method requires a special tool in the breaker or a socket welded to the bottom of the compactor to hold the drive steel.
Skid steer loaders, backhoes or excavators work well.

4,000 to 16,000 lb. vehicles with 250 to 500 foot-pound pavement breakers are best for Manta Rays, and 16,000 to 30,000 lb. vehicles with 500 to 1,000 foot-pound pavement breakers are best for Stingrays.

Breaker tools and vibro sockets are available upon request.

ABC Diving® Corp

Rock Drills :
Top hammer or down-the-hole hammer rock drills are very effective for installation of Manta Ray and Stingray anchors.
For hard soil or weak rock installations, the drill can be used to drill a pilot hole. We can provide striker bar adapters for these types of drills.
Rock drilling steel can also be modified to drive Manta Rays and Stingrays.

Manual Installation :
In some applications, Manta Ray anchors are driven into the soil with a 90 lb. pavement breaker and coupled drive steel.
Pneumatic or hydraulic breakers are acceptable, but a 90 lb. weight class breaker is necessary.
Manual installation of Stingray anchors is not recommended.

MANTA RAY & STING RAY anchoring system (marine application)

Docks, Moorings and Underwater Securing

From the Great Barrier Reef to the Red Sea, Manta Rays are used to anchor moorings that help protect coral reefs and other natural resources. Now there is an environmentally friendly anchor system that installs easily underwater with conventional equipment for buoys, floating docks, man made reefs and more.

Moorings are used primarily to protect vulnerable sea floor structures and as a secondary benefit they make mooring visiting boats easier.

Through the world, the positioning of moorings is determined by the need to protect sea floor structures of biological and ecological importance.
MANTA RAYs are driven into the ground, not augured or torqued, nor is a hole dug or drilled.
There is "no disturbance" or "displacement" of soil.
Unlike other anchoring systems, MANTA RAY actually compacts the soil around itself : a clean, safe and simple operation.

The mooring system chosen uses various embedment mooring technologies proven by specialists John and Judy Halas of Environmental Moorings International, Florida.

The equipment used depends on the bottom composition : in sand areas "MANTA RAY" anchors are used, while in granite and limestone areas stainless steel pins are preferred which are secured either by marine cement or by epoxy cement.
Each mooring is designed for the particular site where it is to be installed and typically consists of the following components : an anchor unit or anchor pin ; a heavy duty mooring line, with a float attached a metre or so from the anchor point to keep the line off the sea bed ; a surface buoy on a looped bridle, to make it easy to maintain ; a floating pick-up line for boats to tie up to.

Manta Ray and Stingray earth anchors are driven tipping plate soil anchors dependant on soil strenght for reaction of tensile loads. Manta Ray anchors have working loads up to 20 kips, and Stingray anchors have working loads up to 50 kips. After driving the anchor to the required depth, the driving tool (called drive steel) is removed. The anchor is then tipped and proof tested with Williams Anchor Locking Kit from its edgewise-driving position to present its bearing area to the soil. This is called "load locking" and provides an immediate proof test of each anchor.

Then small boat moorings can utilise a single anchor, large boat moorings can utilise three anchors shackled to a 1-inch D-ring.

A number of considerations have to be taken into account for the site selection : sites that would specifically protect reefs, sites close to popular dive sites and sites that would allow for convenient mooring for boats visiting the terrestrial destinations.


For Manta Ray, the LL-1 is a 10-ton fast acting jack with an 8 inch stroke.
The direct reading gauge and rod gripping jaws make load locking easy and quick.

Seawalls

The anchoring of seawalls with Manta Ray Anchors eliminates expensive and complicated tie-back methods.

Minimal, if any, excavation is required.

Using Manta Ray Anchors results in aesthetically pleasing and cost-effective seawall installations.

Manta Ray & Stingray structural Properties and Capacities

Manta Ray & Stingray Anchor Structural Properties :

Anchor
Structural Safety
Factor 2:1
Recommended Anchor Rod
Weight
per
Each
Manta Ray
Diameter *
Part
Number
MR-68
2.5 kips
(11 kN)
3/8"
(10 mm)
B8S-03
1 lbs.
(0.45 kg)
MR-88
5 kips
(22 kN)
1/2"
(12 mm)
B8S-04
2.2 lbs.
(1 kg)
MR-4
8.5 kips
(36 kN)
#6 - 3/4"
(20 mm)
R61-06
4.7 lbs.
(2.1 kg)
MR-3
10 kips
(45 kN)
#6 - 3/4"
(20 mm)
R61-06
6 lbs.
(2.7 kg)
MR-2
20 kips
(89 kN)
#6 - 3/4"
(20 mm)
R61-06
10 lbs.
(4.5 kg)
MR-1
20 kips
(89 kN)
#6 - 3/4"
(20 mm)
R61-06
12 lbs.
(5.4 kg)
MR-SR
20 kips
(89 kN)
#6 - 3/4"
(20 mm)
R61-06
21 lbs.
(9.5 kg)
MK-B
20 kips
(89 kN)
#6 - 3/4"
(20 mm)
R61-06
85 lbs.
(38.5 kg)
Sting Ray
S.F.
Diameter *
Part Number
Weight
SR-1
45.5 kips
(198 kN)
#9 - 1-1/8"
(28 mm)
R61-09
47 lbs.
(21.3 kg)
SR-2
50 kips
(223 kN)
#9 - 1-1/8"
(28 mm)
R61-09
66 lbs.
(30 kg)
SR-3
50 kips
(223 kN)
#9 - 1-1/8"
(28 mm)
R61-09
91 lbs.
(41.2 kg)
Anchor Rods are fully threaded and can be field cut and coupled.
* Anchor rod lengths: R61-06 & R61-09 - Up to 50 feet uncoated
B8S-03 & B8S-04 - Up to 20 feet
Recommended: Galvanized rods should be cut to size prior to galvanizing to insure good nut fit.

Manta Ray Working Capacities in Listed Soils :

Common Soil Type
Description
Typical Blow
Count “N” per
ASTM-D 1586
MR-68
MR-88
MR-4
MR-3
MR-2
MR-1
MR-SR
MK-B
Peat, organic silts ; inundates silts fly ash
0 - 5
N.A.
0.2-0.9 kips
(0.9-4 kN)
(4, 6)
0.3-1.5 kips
(1.3-7 kN)
(4, 6)
0.8-3 kips
(3.5-13 kN)
(4, 6)
2-5 kips
(9-22 kN)
(4, 6)
3-8 kips
(13-37 kN)
(4, 6)
4-12 kips
(18-53 kN)
(4, 6)
6-16 kips
(27-71 kN)
(4, 6)
Loose fine sand; alluvium; soft-firm clays; varied clays; fills
4 - 8
0.4-0.8 kips
(1.8-3.5 kN)
(4, 6)
0.9-1.5 kips
(4-7 kN)
(4, 6)
1.5-2.5 kips
(7-11 kN)
(4, 6)
3-5 kips
(13-22 kN)
(4, 6)
5-8 kips
(22-36 kN)
(4, 6)
8-12 kips
(36-53 kN)
(4, 6)
9-14 kips
(40-62 kN)
(4, 6)
13-20 kips
(58-89 kN)
(4, 6)
Loose to medium dense fine to coarse sand; firm to stiff clays and silts
7 - 14
0.75-1.3 kips
(3.5-6 kN)
(4)
1.5-2.5 kips
(7-11 kN)
(4)
2.5-4 kips
(11-18 kN)
(4)
5-8 kips
(22-36 kN)
(4)
7-10 kips
(31-44 kN)
(4)
10-15 kips
(44-67 kN)
(4)
14-18 kips
(62-80 kN)
(4)
20 kips
(89 kN)
(4)
Medium dense coarse sand and sandy gravel; stiff to very stiff silts and clays
14 - 25
1-1.5 kips
(5-7 kN)
(4)
2-3 kips
(9-13 kN)
(4)
3.5-4.5 kips
(16-20 kN)
(4)
7-9 kips
(31-40 kN)
(4)
9-12 kips
(40-53 kN)
(4)
15-20 kips
(67-89 kN)
(4)
18-20 kips
(80-89 kN)
(4)
20 kips
(89 kN)
(2, 4)
Medium dense sandy gravel; very stiff to hard silts and clays
24 - 40
1.5-2 kips
(7-9 kN)
(4)
3-4 kips
(13-18 kN)
(4)
4.5-6 kips
(20-25 kN)
(4)
9-10 kips
(40-45 kN)
(4)
12-18 kips
(53-80 kN)
(4)
18-20 kips
(80-89 kN)
(2, 4)
20 kips
(89 kN)
(2, 4)
20 kips
(89 kN)
(2, 3, 4)
Dense clays, sands and gravel; hard slits and clays
35 - 50
2-2.5 kips
(9-11 kN)
(4)
4-5 kips
(18-22 kN)
(4)
6-8.5 kips
(27-36 kN)
(4)
10 kips
(45 kN)
(2, 4)
15-20 kips
(67-89 kN)
(2, 4)
20 kips
(89 kN))
(2, 4)
20 kips
(89 kN)
(2, 3, 4)
20 kips
(89 kN)
(1, 3)
Dense fine sand; very hard silts and clays
45 - 60
2.5 kips
(11 kN)
(2, 3, 4)
5 kips
(22 kN)
(2, 3, 4)
8.5 kips
(36 kN)
(2, 3, 4)
10 kips
(45 kN)
(2, 3, 4)
20 kips
(89 kN)
(2, 4)
20 kips
(89 kN)
(1, 3, 4)
20 kips
(89 kN)
(1, 3)
20 kips
(89 kN)
(1, 3, 5)
Very dense and / or cemented sands; coarse gravel and cobbles
60 - 100+
2.5 kips
(11 kN)
(1, 3)
5 kips
(22 kN)
(1, 3)
8.5 kips
(36 kN)
(1, 3)
10 kips
(45 kN)
(1, 3)
20 kips
(89 kN)
(1, 3, 4)
20 kips
(89 kN)
(1, 3)
20 kips
(89 kN)
(1, 3, 5)
20 kips
(89 kN)
(1, 3, 5)
1 - Drilled hole required to install.
2 - Installation may be difficult. Pilot hole may be required.
3 - Holding capacity limited by working load of anchors.
4 - Holding capacity limited by soil failure.
5 - Not recommended in these soils.
6 - Wide variation in soil properties reduces prediction accuracy.
A minimum of 2:1 Safety Factor is recommended.
Use this chart for estimation only, true capacity must be tested with anchor locker.
The values in chart are based on minimum 3' embedment depth for models MR-68 & MR-88 and 7' for Models MR4 thru MK-B. (Minimum overburden depth is 4'.) Field testing is recommended for other possible depths.

Stingray Working Capacities in Listed Soils :

Common Soil Type
Description
Typical Blow
Count “N” per
ASTM-D 1586
SR-1
SR-2
SR-3
Peat, organic silts; inundates silts fly ash
0 - 5
N.A.
N.A.
N.A.
Loose fine sand; alluvium; soft-firm clays; varied clays; fills
4 - 8
13-19 kips
(58-82 kN)
(4, 6)
19-28 kips
(85-125 kN)
(4, 6)
24-37 kips
(107-165 kN)
(4, 6)
Loose to medium dense fine to coarse sand; firm to stiff clays and silts
7 - 14
16-24 kips
(72-107 kN)
(4)
27-36 kips
(120-160 kN)
(4)
37-48 kips
(165-214 kN)
(4)
Medium dense coarse sand and sandy gravel; stiff to very stiff silts and clays
14 - 25
24-32 kips
(107-142 kN)
(4)
31-48
(138-214 kN)
(4)
48-50 kips
(214-223 kN)
(4)
Medium dense sandy gravel; very stiff to hard silts and clays
24 - 40
29-41 kips
(129-182 kN)
(4)
46-50 kips
(205-223 kN)
(4)
50 kips
(223 kN)
(4)
Dense clays, sands and gravel; hard slits and clays
35 - 50
39-45.5 kips
(173-198 kN)
(4)
50 kips
(223 kN)
(2, 4)
50 kips
(223 kN)
(2, 3, 4)
Dense fine sand; very hard
silts and clays
45 - 60
45.5 kips
(198 kN)
(2, 4)
50 kips
(223 kN)
(2, 4)
50 kips
(223 kN)
(2, 3)
Very dense and / or cemented sands; coarse gravel and cobbles
60 - 100+
45.5 kips
(198 kN)
(1, 3)
50 kips
(223 kN)
(1, 3)
50 kips
(223 kN)
(1, 3, 5)
1 - Drilled hole required to install.
2 - Installation may be difficult. Pilot hole may be required.
3 - Holding capacity limited by working load of anchors.
4 - Holding capacity limited by soil failure.
5 - Not recommended in these soils.
6 - Wide variation in soil properties reduces prediction accuracy.
A minimum of 2:1 Safety Factor is recommended.
Use this chart for estimation only, true capacity must be tested with anchor locker.
The values in chart are based on minimum 3' embedment depth for models MR-68 & MR-88 and 7' for Models MR4 thru MK-B. (Minimum overburden depth is 4'.) Field testing is recommended for other possible depths.

Manta Ray & Stingray Project Photos

Manta Ray Soil Anchor Accessories

Grade 75 All-Thead Rebar - ASTM A615

R61 Grade 75 All-Thead Rebar - ASTM A615
Bar Desig. &
Nominal Dia.
Minimum
Net Area
Thru Threads
Minimum
Ultimate
Strength
Minimum
Yield
Strength
Nominal
Weight
Approx.
Thread
Major Dia.
Part Number
#6 - 3/4"
(20 mm)
0.44 in2
(284 mm2)
44 kips
(196 kN)
33 kips
(147 kN)
1.5 lbs./ft.
(2.36 Kg/M)
7/8"
(22.2 mm)
R61-06
#9 - 1-1/8"
(28 mm)
1.00 in2
(645 mm2)
100 kips
(445 kN)
75 kips
(334 kN)
3.4 lbs./ft.
(5.06 Kg/M)
1-1/4"
(31.8 mm)
R61-09

C-1045 NC Threaded Rods - ASTM C1045

Bar
Diameter
Approx.
Thread
Major Dia.
Minimum
Yield
Strength
Minimum
Ultimate
Strength
Minimum
Net Area
Thru Threads
Part
Number
1/2" - 13 UNC
(12 mm)
0.142 in2
(91 mm2)
13 kips
(57.8 kN)
18 kips
(80.1 kN)
1/2"
(13 mm)
B8S-04

R62 Stop-Type Couplings - ASTM A108

R62 Stop-Type Coupling for Grade 75 All-Thread Rebar ASTM A108
Nominal Bar
Diameter
Outside
Diameter
Overall
Length
Part
Number
#6 - 3/4"
(20 mm)
1-1/4"
(31.8 mm)
3-1/2"
(88.9 mm)
R62-06
#9 - 1-1/8"
(28 mm)
1-7/8"
(47.7 mm)
5"
(127 mm)
R62-09

R63 Hex Nuts - ASTM A108

R63 Hex Nut for Grade 75 All-Thread Rebar
ASTM A108
Nominal Bar
Diameter
Across
Flats
Across
Corners
Thickness
Part
Number
#6 - 3/4"
(20 mm)
1-1/4"
(31.8 mm)
1.44"
(36.7 mm)
1-5/8"
(41.4 mm)
R63-06
#9 - 1-1/8"
(28 mm)
1-7/8"
(47.8 mm)
2.17"
(55.0 mm)
2"
(55.5 mm)
R63-09

R9F Hardened Washers - ASTM F436

R9F Hardened Washers for Grade 75 All-Thread Rebar
ASTM F436
Nominal Bar
Diameter
Outside
Diameter
Inside
Diamter
Thickness
Part
Number
#6 - 3/4"
(20 mm)
1-3/4"
(45 mm)
15/16"
(24 mm)
5/32"
(3.4 mm)
R9F-07-436
#9 - 1-1/8"
(28 mm)
2-1/4"
(57 mm)
1-1/4"
(32 mm)
5/32"
(4.0 mm)
R9F-09-436

R81 Spherical Washers - ASTM A536

R81 Spherical Washer for Grade 75 All-Thread Rebar
ASTM A29
Nominal Bar
Diameter
Thickness
Outside
Dome
Part
Number
#6 - 3/4"
(20 mm)
35/64”
(13.9 mm)
2"
(51 mm)
R81-0675
#9 - 1-1/8"
(28 mm)
3/4”
(19.1 mm)
2-3/4"
(70 mm)
R81-0975

R8M Beveled Washers - ASTM A47 or ASTM A536

R8M Beveled Washersfor 150 KSI All-Thread-Bar
ASTM A47 or ASTM A536
Nominal
Bar
Diameter
Degree
of
Bevel
Outside
Diameter
Inside
Diamter
Maximum
Thickness
Minimum
Thickness
Part
Number
#6 - 3/4"
(20 mm)
9°
2" sq.
(50.8 mm)
1"
(25.4 mm)
17/32"
(13.5 mm)
15/64"
(6.1 mm)
R8M-07
#9 - 1-1/8"
(28 mm)
15°
2-13/16"
(71.4 mm)
1-5/16"
(33.3 mm)
1"
(25 mm)
5/16"
(7.9 mm)
R8M-09S

Steel Plates

S1K - Round S1K - Keyhole R80 - Dished S1K - Studded S1K - Domed
These steel bearing plates are standard with a round hole for non-grouted anchors.
Also available are dished plates for use with spherical hex nuts and keyhole plates which provide free access for grout tube entry.
Bearing plates are customized for each application.
Plate dimensions should be specified around the parameters of the project.
In addition, corrosion protection should be considered along with specifying hole diameter and bar angle.
Stainless steel plates available upon request.

End Caps

Fiber
Reinforced
Nylon Cap
Slip-On PVC Cap
with Plastic Nut
Screw-On
PVC Cap
Steel Tube
with Jam Nut
Steel Tube Welded on Flange with
Threaded Screw
Connections
These end caps, produced from fiber reinforced nylon, steel or PVC to provide corrosion protection at otherwise exposed anchor ends.
Most often the caps are packed with corrosion inhibiting wax or grease.
Caps made from reinforced nylon and steel are used in exposed impact areas.

Eye Nuts

NEB 1 NEB 50 NEB 75R NEB 100 NEB 200 E1N CCF 1-4
These eye Nuts may be used as lifting eyes for forms, concrete blocks, concrete cylinders, machinery or equipment.
The large base on three of the models makes them excellent for anchoring guy wires.
Safety factors and working loads based on the ultimate strength of the Eye Nuts should be determined for the specific application by the project design engineer.
Eye Nut
Designation
Inside
Width
Inside
Height
Ring
Diameter
Overall
Height
Taps
Available
Straight Tension
Ultimate Strength
Blank Part
Number
NEB 1
Ductile Iron
2"
(51 mm)
2"
(51 mm)
1-1/8"
(29 mm)
5-1/8"
(130 mm)
3/4"; 7/8"; 1"*
(20; 22; 25 mm)
35 kips
(156 kN)
E1M-00-001
NEB 50
Ductile Iron
3"
(76 mm)
3'
(76 mm)
1"
(25 mm)
5-3/4"
(146 mm)
1/2"; 3/4"
(13; 20 mm)
26 kips
(116 kN)
E1M-00-050
NEB 75R
Ductile Iron
4"
(102 mm)
5"
(127 mm)
1"
(25 mm)
7-3/4"
(197 mm)
1/2"; 3/4"
(13; 20 mm)
23 kips
(102 kN)
E1M-00-75R
NEB 100
Ductile Iron
4"
(102 mm)
4-1/2"
(114 mm)
1-1/4'
(32 mm)
8"
(203 mm)
1"; 1-1/4"; 1-3/8"*
(25; 32; 35 mm)
65 kips
(289 kN)
E1M-00-100
NEB 200
Ductile Iron
5"
(127 mm)
6"
(152 mm)
2"
(51 mm)
11"
(274 mm)
1-3/8"; 2"
(35; 51 mm)
150 kips
(667 kN)
E1M-00-200
E1N
Malleable
2"
(51 mm)
2-1/2"
(64 mm)
7/8"
(22 mm)
5-1/8"
(130 mm)
Grade 75
#6, #7, #8
35 kips
(156 kN)
E1M-00-E1N
CCF 1
CCF 2
CCF 3
CCF 4
Steel
up to
4"
(102 mm)
up to
6-1/4"
(159 mm)
up to
1-1/2"
(38 mm)
up to
8-1/2"
(216 mm)
Grade 75
#6 through
#18
up to
260 kips
(1157 kN)
E1M-00-CCF1
E1M-00-CCF2
E1M-00-CCF3
E1M-00-CCF4
* 150 KSI All-Thread-Bar may not be used in 1" diameter for the NEB 1 or in 1-3/8" diameter for the NEB 100.

Should you require any further assistance or information, please do not hesitate to contact us
We can install these anchoring systems through the Pacific, or provide you with the necessary equipment for the installation.

ABC Diving® Corp